The growth of the buccal mass in Sepia officinalis: functional changes throughout ontogeny

Abstract Due to their small size, juveniles are more likely show lower absolute levels of performance leading a potential competitive disadvantage compared adults. Therefore, expected compensate by showing higher relative performance, and/or partitioning resources overcome this disadvantage. Here, we investigate the link between ontogeny and feeding in common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis . We explore changes beak shape, wear pattern, mechanical properties, muscular anatomy, bite force during growth from 3-month post hatching that both upper beaks present important ontogenetic shape variation rostrum area might be due induced feeding. The properties indicate greater resistance Tanning observed on provides reinforcement areas under high load biting. In addition, muscle development were found differ different ages, resulting having similar for size but with advantage opening. Finally, an isometric relation is S. , no sign compensation juveniles. Feeding thus does not reflect shift crustacean-based diet fish-based